REFERENCES

LOMBAGO

Anderson, R., Meeker, W. C., Wirick, B. E., Mootz, R. D., Kirk, D. H., and Adams, A. A meta-analysis of clinical trials of spinal manipulation. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1992;15(3):181-194.

Bronfort, G., Haas, M., Evans, R. L., and Bouter, L. M. Efficacy of spinal manipulation and mobilization for low back pain and neck pain: a systematic review and best evidence synthesis. Spine J 2004;4(3):335-356.

Van Tulder, M. W., Koes, B. W., and Bouter, L. M. Conservative treatment of acute and chronic nonspecific low back pain. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of the most common interventions. Spine 9-15-1997;22(18):2128-2156.

Hoiriis, K. T., Pfleger, B., McDuffie, F. C., Cotsonis, G., Elsangak, O., Hinson, R., and Verzosa, G. T. A randomized clinical trial comparing chiropractic adjustments to muscle relaxants for subacute low back pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27(6):388-398.

SCIATICA

Santilli V, Beghi E, Finucci S. Chiropractic manipulation in the treatment of acute back pain and sciatica with disc protrusion: a randomized double-blind clinical trial of active and simulated spinal manipulations. Spine J. 2006 Mar-Apr;6(2):131-7.

Orlin JR, Didriksen A. Results of chiropractic treatment of lumbopelvic fixation in 44 patients admitted to an orthopedic department. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2007 Feb;30(2):135-9.

HEADACHES

Cassidy, J.D., Boyle, E., Côté, P., He, Y., Hogg-Johnson, S., Silver, F.L., and Bondy, S.J. Risk of vertebrobasilar stroke and chiropractic care: results of a population-based case-control and case-crossover study. Spine 2008;33(4S):S-176-S183.

Bronfort, G., Nilsson, N., Haas, M., Evans, R., Goldsmith, C. H., Assendelft, W. J., and Bouter, L. M. Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(3).

Vernon, H., McDermaid, C. S., and Hagino, C. Systematic review of randomized clinical trials of complementary/alternative therapies in the treatment of tension-type and cervicogenic headache. Complement Ther Med 1999;7(3):142-155.

Shekelle, P. G. and Coulter, I. Cervical spine manipulation: summary report of a systematic review of the literature and a multidisciplinary expert panel. J Spinal Disord 1997;10(3):223-228.

CERVICAL PAIN AND FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY

Shekelle, P. G. and Coulter, I. Cervical spine manipulation: summary report of a systematic review of the literature and a multidisciplinary expert panel. J Spinal Disord 1997;10(3):223-228.

Cleland JA, Glynn P, Whitman JM, Eberhart SL, MacDonald C, Childs JD. Short-term effects of thrust versus nonthrust mobilization/manipulation directed at the thoracic spine in patients with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial. Phys Ther. 2007 Apr;87(4):431-40.

González-Iglesias J, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Cleland JA, Gutiérrez-Vega Mdel R. Thoracic spine manipulation for the management of patients with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Jan;39 (1):20-7.

Palmgren PJ, Sandström PJ, Lundqvist FJ, Heikkilä H. Improvement after chiropractic care in cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility and subjective pain intensity in patients with nontraumatic chronic neck pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2006 Feb;29(2):100-6.

Johanne Martel, Claude Dugas, Jean-Daniel Dubois, Martin Descarreaux. A randomised controlled trial of preventive spinal manipulation with and without a home exercise program for patients with chronic neck pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011

Nagasawa A, Sakakibara T, Takahashi A. Roentgenographic findings of the cervical spine in tension-type headache. Headache 1993;33:90-95.

RESPIRATORY CAPACITY

Lennon J, Shealy N, Cady RK, Matta W, Cox R, Simpson WF. Postural and respiratory modulation of autonomic function, pain, and health. American J Pain Management 1994;4:36-39.

POSTURE AND GASTRIC REFLUX

Curtis Fedorchuk DC and Andrew St. Bernard DC. Improvement in Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease Following Chiropractic Care and the ALCAT Procedure. Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, June 23, 2011, pp 44-50.

Tsuchie H1, Fukata C, Takahashi K, Miyakoshi N, Kobayashi A, Kasukawa Y, Shimada Y, Inoue H., Impact of lumbar kyphosis on gastric myoelectrical activity and heart rate variability in a model using flexion posture in healthy young adults, Biomed Res. 2011 Aug;32(4):271-8.

VERTEBRAL ALIGNMENT AND OVERALL HEALTH

Ko S1, Vaccaro AR2, Lee S1, Lee J1, Chang H1., The prevalence of lumbar spine facet joint osteoarthritis and its association with low back pain in selected Korean populations., Clin Orthop Surg. 2014 Dec;6(4):385-91. doi: 10.4055/cios.2014.6.4.385. Epub 2014 Nov 10.

Keeney BJ, et al. Early predictors of lumbar spine surgery after occupational back injury: results from a prospective study of workers in Washington State., Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013.

Goode AP1, Carey TS, Jordan JM., Low back pain and lumbar spine osteoarthritis: how are they related?, Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2013 Feb;15(2):305. doi: 10.1007/s11926-012-0305-z.

Boeckxstaens P1, Vaes B2, Van Pottelbergh G2, De Sutter A3, Legrand D4, Adriaensen W4, Matheï C4, Dalleur O5, Degryse J2. Multimorbidity measures were poor predictors of adverse events in patients aged ≥80 years: a prospective cohort study., J Clin Epidemiol. 2015 Feb;68(2):220-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.08.010. Epub 2014 Dec 19.

Katzman WB1, Vittinghoff E, Ensrud K, Black DM, Kado DM., Increasing kyphosis predicts worsening mobility in older community-dwelling women: a prospective cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Jan;59(1):96-100. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03214.x. Epub 2011 Jan 3.

BACK ACHES

Erwin WM, Jackson PC, and Homonko DA “The innervation of the human costovertebral joint: Implications for clinical back pain syndromes” Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics July/August 2000; 23:6 395-403

Triano JJ, Erwin WM, and Hansen DT (1999) “Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joint Pain: A Commonly overlooked pain generator” Topics in Clinical Chiropractic September 1999; 6:3 79-92

POSTURE AND ERGONOMICS

Jungmann M, McClure CW. Backaches, postural decline, aging and gravity-strain. Presented at the New York Academy of General Practice, New York, October 17,1963.

Carlsoo S. The static muscle load in different work positions: an electro-myographic study. Ergonomics 1961;4:193-211.

Andersson BJG, Ortengren R, Nachemson A, Elfstrom G. Lumbar disc pressure and myoelectric back muscle activity during sitting. II. Studies on an office chair. Scand J Rehab Med 1974; 6:115-121.

Andersson BJG, Ortengren R. Lumbar disc pressure and myoelectric back muscle activity during sitting. III Studies on a Wheel chair. Scand J Rehab Med 1974; 6:122-27.

Andersson BJG, Ortengren R, Nachemson A, Elfstrom G. Lumbar disc pressure and myoelectric back muscle activity during sitting. IV Studies on a Car Driver’s seat. Scand J Rehab Med 1974; 6:128-133.

Andersson BJG, Ortengren R, Nachemson A, Elfstrom G, Broman H. The sitting posture: An electromyographic and discometric study. Orthop Clin N Am 1975; 6(1):105-119.

Pan CS, Gardner LI, Landsittel DP, Hendricks SA, Chiou SS, Punnett L. Ergonomic exposure assessment: an application of the PATH systematic observation method to retail workers. Postures, activities, tools, and handling. Int J Occup Environ Health 1999;5(2):79-87.

Harrison DD, Harrison SO, Croft A, Harrison DE, Troyanovich SJ. Sitting Biomechanics Part II: Optimal Car Driver’s Seat and Optimal Driver’s Spinal Model. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2000; 23(1): 37-47.

Mucha RF, Weiss RV, Mutz R. Detection of the erect position in the freely-moving human: sensor characteristics, reliability, and validity. Physiol Behav 1997;61(2): 293-300.

Kuchera ML. Gravitational stress, musculoligamentous strain, and postural alignment. Spine State of the Art Reviews 1995;9(2):463-490.

Kendall HO, Kendall FP, Boynton DA. Posture and Pain. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1952.

Woodhull AM, Maltrud K, Mello BL. Alignment of the human body in standing. Eur J Appl Physiol 1985; 54:109-115.

CBP CHIROPRACTIC BIOPHYSICS

Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Harrison GR, Troyanovich SJ, Harrison DE, Harrison SO. Chiropractic Biophysics Technique: A Linear Algebra Approach to Posture in Chiropractic. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996;19(8):525-535.

Harrison DD. CBP^® Technique: The Physics of Spinal Correction. National Library of Medicine #WE 725 4318C, 1982-97.

Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Haas JW, Betz JW, Janik TJ, Holland B. Conservative Methods to Correct Lateral Translations of the Head: A Non-randomized Clinical Control Trial. J Rehab Res Devel 2004; 41(4): 631-640.

Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Betz JW, Harrison DD, Haas JW, Janik TJ, Holland B. Harrison Mirror Image Methods for Correcting Trunk List: A Non-randomized Clinical Control Trial. Eur Spine J 2004; Springer Online E-Pub Ahead of print.

Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Betz J, Janik TJ, Holland B, Colloca C. Increasing the Cervical Lordosis with CBP Seated Combined Extension-Compression and Transverse Load Cervical Traction with Cervical Manipulation: Non-randomized Clinical Control Trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2002;26(3):139-151.

Harrison DE, Cailliet R, Harrison DD, Janik TJ, Holland B. New 3-Point Bending Traction Method of Restoring Cervical Lordosis Combined with Cervical Manipulation: Non-randomized Clinical Control Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2002; 83(4):447-45.

Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Janik TJ, Holland B. Changes in Sagittal Lumbar Configuration with a New Method of Extension Traction: Non-randomized

Clinical Control Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2002; 83(11): 1585-1591.

PREVENTION

Itoi E, Sinaki M. Effect of back-strengthening exercise on posture in healthy women 49-65 years of age. Mayo Clin Proc 1994;69:1054-1059.

Fialka-Moser V, Uher EM, Lack W. Postural disorders in children and adolescents. Wien Med Wochenschr 1994; 144(24):577-92.

NEURO-SPINAL DECOMPRESSION

Sun Jingtai, Hou Ximin, Li Xiunan, Piao Xing, Ji Gaoying . Short-term Effect of SpineMed^® Decompression System for Lumbar Disc Herniation , Qingdao , Spine department and Pain Control Department, 2013.

GOSE E, Naguszewski W., Naguszewski R. Vertebral Axial Decompression Therapy for Pain Associated with Herniated or Degenerated Discs ofFacet Syndrom: an Outcome Study, J. Neuro Resarch, 20(4): 186-90, April 1998.

GIONIS T., Groteke E. Spinal Decompression, Orth Tech Review, 5(6): 36-39, Nov.- Dec. 2003.

C. Norman Shealy, MD, PhD, and Vera Borgmeyer, RN, MA. Decompression, Reduction, and Stabilization of the Lumbar Spine : a Cost-Effective Treatment for Lombo-Sacral Pain, AJPM, v ol. 7, no 2 , April 1997.

Gustavo Ramos, M D , and William Martin, M D. Effects of Vertebral Axial Decompression on Intradiscal Pressure, J Neurosurg, 81: 350-353, 1994.

Anderson GBI, Schultz AB, Nachemson AL. Intravertebral Disc Pressures during Traction, Scand J Rehabil Suppl, 9: 88-91, 1983.

Colachis SC Jr, Strohm BR. Effects ofIntermittent Traction on Separation of Lumbar Vertebrae; Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 50: 251-258, 1969.

Gupta RC, Ramarao SV, Epidurography in Reduction of Lumbar disc Prolapse by Traction, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 59: 322-327, 1978.

Mathews JA. Dynamic Discography: a Study of Lumbar Traction, Ann Phys Med, 9: 275-279, 1968.

Nachemson A. The Load on Lumbar Disks in Different Positions of the Body, Clin Orthop, 45: 107- 122, 1966.